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头晕出汗别硬扛！三伏警惕“高温杀手”热射病
The article reminds readers to beware of heatstroke in hot weather, distinguishes symptoms of mild heat exhaustion from heatstroke, and provides first-aid measures and advice on proper use of cooling tools. 央 央视新闻
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央视新闻 2026-07-24 18:04 北京
全国持续40℃高温，大暑撞上加长版40天三伏，湿热双重夹击，近期热射病急诊案例激增。发现中暑，第一时间怎么做？ 央视新闻《健康公开课丨科学防暑有“凉”方》携手北京大学人民医院急诊科主任医师迟骋、广安门医院风湿病科副主任医师张柔曼，为您带来防暑小科普↓↓↓
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如何分辨普通中暑与热射病？
高温天，急诊中暑患者激增，大众普遍存在防暑误区。这份中暑程度自测表，可以帮助你简单判断↓
* 如遇先兆或轻症中暑，请立即移至阴凉通风处，解开衣扣，用湿毛巾擦拭身体帮助散热，并少量、多次饮用凉盐水或运动饮料补充水分和电解质。
* 若出现高热（体温＞40℃）并伴有意识模糊、抽搐等症状，则可能为 热射病，需立即送医急救。
热射病会让体温调节中枢失灵，超高热引发全身脏器损伤，抢救窗口期十分短暂。等待救护车的同时，应先将患者转移至阴凉通风处，脱去衣物用 冷水擦拭颈、腋下、腹股沟大血管持续降温；意识清醒者 少量补充凉盐水，昏迷禁止喂水；全程不能中断降温。
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挑选降温神器别跟风，用对是关键！
高温天，各类“降暑神器”热卖，但多数只能制造体感假凉，用错场景反而积热误事。
* 遮阳伞要选带防紫外线涂层款，减少外界吸热；
* 冰袖刚戴上会略感凉爽，但1至2小时后即与皮肤表面温度持平，需定时摘下散热，可洒冷水增效。
* 冰垫、冰感毛巾同理，短时局部用即可，别依赖它降低体温；
* 挂脖风扇需在散热有效条件下（室温＜35℃、阴凉通风处）使用，高温下吹热风反增吸热；
* 清凉喷雾、清凉油靠酒精/薄荷脑“骗”冷觉神经，不是真的降温，含酒精还可能导致失水，严禁当防暑主力。
更多防暑知识点可以在央视新闻客户端搜索“健康公开课”，观看直播回放，学会科学防暑，清凉整个夏天。 ▌本文来源：央视新闻微信公众号 *
监制/刘鑫 温露
制片人/顾小慈 胡桃夹子
编导/吕熠鸣 席璐 王怡琳 鲁丹
微信编辑/杨惠珺
图片来自视觉中国 **©央视新闻**
Key Quotes
> "If you experience prodromal or mild heat exhaustion, immediately move to a cool, ventilated place, loosen clothing, wipe the body with a wet towel to aid heat dissipation, and drink small amounts of cool saline or sports drinks frequently to replenish water and electrolytes."
> "If high fever (body temperature ＞40℃) occurs together with confusion, convulsions, etc., it may be heatstroke, requiring immediate medical rescue."
> "Heatstroke causes the body's temperature regulation center to fail; extreme heat triggers systemic organ damage, and the rescue window is very short."
Tags
Health
Heat Prevention
Heatstroke
Summer Wellness
Medical Popular Science
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