Title: 袁爷爷，杂交水稻育种，有了重要进展！ | BestBlogs.dev
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Published Time: 2026-07-25 15:25:00
Markdown Content: 90
袁爷爷，杂交水稻育种，有了重要进展！
The team led by Wang Kejian at the China National Rice Research Institute has bred a single-line hybrid rice 'Yixi 1' with clonal efficiency over 99% and normal fertility, aiming to achieve 'one-time hybridization, usable for generations'. 人 人民日报
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原创 人民日报 2026-07-25 15:25 北京
记者从中国水稻研究所获悉：该所研究员王克剑团队成功研发出克隆效率稳定超过99%、结实完全正常的一系法杂交水稻，团队将其命名为“一系1号”。这项原创研究成果近日在国际学术期刊《生命》刊发，有望从根本上改变杂交稻依赖年年制种的传统模式。
图为团队创制的无融合生殖株系在试验田大群体种植下表现出的克隆效率与结实率情况。（科研团队供图）
目前大面积应用的三系法和两系法杂交水稻，由于后代遗传分离，无法留种再用。2013年，王克剑团队启动“一系杂交稻探索计划”，核心目标是通过无融合生殖，让杂交作物产生基因保持不变的克隆种子，固定杂种优势，实现“一次杂交，代代可用”。
图为团队创制的一系法杂交水稻在试验田种植情况。（科研团队供图）
2017年，团队成功构建首个杂交水稻无融合生殖体系，获得首颗杂交稻克隆种子，但彼时克隆效率仅5%左右。经过数年持续攻关，团队近期取得关键突破：成功挖掘出水稻内源基因并命名为“华胥”（HUAXU）。团队研究表明，在杂交水稻卵细胞中异位表达华胥基因，能高效诱导孤雌生殖、产生单倍体后代。进一步与克隆配子策略相结合，所创制的多个无融合生殖株系均实现接近100%的克隆效率——在多个杂交稻品种、不同世代、不同种植群体和田间大群体条件下，克隆效率仍稳定维持在99%以上，同时产量保持正常水平。 推荐阅读 “景德镇手工瓷业遗存”，申遗成功！ *
来源：《人民日报》（2026年7月25日 第05版），记者：喻思南、窦皓，原标题：我国杂交水稻育种科研取得重要进展，图片来源：新华社
本期编辑：李娜、朱田恬
Key Quotes
> The team's research shows that ectopic expression of the Huaxu gene in hybrid rice egg cells can efficiently induce apomixis and produce haploid offspring. Further combined with the clonal gamete strategy, the multiple apomictic lines created achieve nearly 100% clonal efficiency—across multiple hybrid rice varieties, different generations, different planting populations, and field large-population conditions, clonal efficiency remains stably above 99%, while yield remains normal.
> In 2013, the Wang Jian team launched the 'Single-line Hybrid Rice Exploration Program', with the core goal of using apomixis to enable hybrid crops to produce clonal seeds with unchanged genes, fixing heterosis and achieving 'one-time hybridization, usable for generations'.
Tags
Hybrid rice
Agricultural technology
Breeding innovation
Clonal efficiency
Huaxu gene
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