83
The article notes that China's consumption structure is shifting from goods to services, and recommends precise efforts in three areas—supply-side upgrades, service quality improvements, and raising residents' income and security—to boost consumption. 2 21世纪经济报道
Yesterday 1571 words (about 7 min) View Source →
Sign in to highlight text and take notes as you read. Sign in now
原创 21社论 2026-07-25 12:24 广东
根据国家统计局近期发布的经济数据，今年上半年我国消费市场整体呈现持续扩容态势，社会消费商品和服务零售总额同比增长2.7%。其中，服务零售额增长5.3%，商品零售额增长1.1%，呈结构性分化特征。我国消费结构正经历从以实物商品为主向实物与服务并重、服务消费占比持续提升的深层次转变。政策端需要敏锐捕捉这一结构性变迁，为服务消费和新消费的增长打开更大空间。
当前商品消费整体偏弱，主要受到家电、家具、汽车等大宗消费品零售额负增长的拖累。一方面，房地产市场持续调整，抑制了住房相关产业链消费需求。另一方面，经过多年高速发展，我国居民住房及汽车保有量已趋于饱和，空调、冰箱等主要家电的百户拥有量也处于较高水平，消费正从增量扩张阶段转入存量升级阶段。此外，随着技术进步和制造工艺的提升，耐用消费品的质量显著提高，更新换代周期随之延长。
部分升级类商品展现出强劲的增长韧性，消费结构的品质化升级趋势显著。品质消费与多元消费同步向好，消费者对健康化、智能化、个性化的需求持续释放，消费品结构正从传统大宗商品向高附加值、高技术含量的品质化商品加速切换。上半年，通信器材类、高能效等级家电零售额保持两位数增长，智能眼镜等可穿戴智能设备零售额增速超过一倍。
在一系列扩大服务消费政策的带动下，服务消费供给不断丰富优化，消费新场景加速涌现，推动服务零售额保持较快增长。上半年，以信息服务为代表的新型消费增势良好，通信器材类商品零售额实现两位数增长。与此同时，文旅消费市场活力持续释放，旅游咨询租赁服务类和文体休闲服务类零售额同样实现两位数增长。家庭游、亲子游、研学游、演艺经济等多元化消费场景层出不穷，为服务消费注入了活力。
上半年，全国居民人均可支配收入增速高于GDP增速，为消费增长提供了基础支撑。但同期居民人均消费支出增速明显低于可支配收入增速，折射出居民的边际消费倾向偏低，不敢花、不愿花的现象显现。为有效提振消费意愿、打消后顾之忧，促消费政策应重点从三方面加力。
首先，顺应消费需求的结构性变化，不断丰富消费品供给的层次与形态，推动商品消费扩容升级。在数字消费领域，可借助“人工智能+消费”政策体系，推动智能穿戴设备、智慧家居等新品类和新服务加速渗透；在绿色消费领域，依托以旧换新政策扩围，加大对高能效家电、新能源汽车、绿色建材等产品的推广力度。
其次，促进服务消费提质惠民，释放消费新潜力。应扩大优质服务供给，推动文旅、康养、体育、家政等重点领域提质扩容。在文旅领域，加快培育沉浸式、体验式消费新场景，完善假日制度安排，为居民创造更多可消费的场景和时间窗口；在体育领域，大力发展赛事经济、户外运动、健身培训等业态，以全民健身带动全链条消费。还应清理制约服务消费发展的不合理限制性措施，放宽市场准入，鼓励社会资本参与，形成多元化、多层次的供给体系。
再次，着力提升居民消费能力，从根本上解决敢花钱问题。应加快落实城乡居民增收计划，在促进低收入群体增收、完善薪酬制度、拓宽财产性收入渠道等方面推出更多务实举措，确保居民收入持续增长。同时，进一步完善社会保障体系，健全多层次医疗保障体系，稳步提高医保补助标准和城乡居民基础养老金水平，降低居民在教育、医疗、养老等方面的预防性储蓄倾向。当保障体系更加完善，潜在消费意愿才能有效转化为现实购买力。
近日，国务院正式批复《扩大消费“十五五”规划》，锚定消费需求的结构性变化趋势，对消费扩容提质作出系统部署。随着消费环境持续优化、服务供给不断提升，以及带薪休假、县域商业体系建设等配套制度加快完善，居民消费有望成为拉动内需、驱动增长的重要引擎，为高质量发展注入更加可持续的内生动能。 SFC
出品丨21财经客户端 21世纪经济报道
编辑丨刘雪莹 21君荐读 
Key Quotes
> China's consumption structure is undergoing a deep-level shift from being dominated by tangible goods to a balance of goods and services, with the share of service consumption continuously rising.
> Some upgraded goods show strong growth resilience, and the trend of quality-oriented upgrading in the consumption structure is significant.
> In the first half of the year, nationwide residents' per capita disposable income growth exceeded GDP growth, providing a foundation for consumption growth. However, during the same period, per capita consumption expenditure growth was noticeably lower than disposable income growth, revealing a low marginal propensity to consume among residents, with the phenomenon of reluctance to spend becoming evident.
> To effectively boost consumption willingness and dispel concerns, stimulus consumption policies should focus efforts on three aspects.
> As the consumption environment continues to improve, service supply keeps rising, and supporting systems such as paid leave and county-level commercial infrastructure are rapidly perfected, resident consumption is expected to become an important engine for driving domestic demand and growth, injecting more sustainable endogenous momentum into high-quality development.
Tags
Consumer Policy
Consumption Upgrade
Service Consumption
Goods Consumption
Consumption Structure
Related Articles
* Zhipu Founder Tang Jie's Internal Letter Leaked * From Oscar Awards to Pocket Cinema Cameras: What DJI Has Been Doing Over the Past 12 Years * Moonshot AI's Pre-Money Valuation Reaches $31.5 Billion * Hundred-billion computing power projects frequently launched across multiple regions * With Nicholas Tse as Brand Ambassador, Xijiu Falls Out of 20 Billion Yuan Club with 68% Profit Plunge