Title: 我国科研团队提出可编程植物合成免疫新理念 | BestBlogs.dev
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Published Time: 2026-07-26 07:30:00
Markdown Content: 77
我国科研团队提出可编程植物合成免疫新理念
Chinese research team used AI to design proteins, proposing a novel concept of programmable plant synthetic immunity, enabling on-demand creation of disease‑resistance genes and offering a new avenue for food security. 科 科普中国
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科普中国 2026-07-26 07:30 北京
全球农业常年饱受植物病害侵扰，各类病毒、细菌、真菌、卵菌病原轮番侵袭作物，每年造成巨大经济损失。培育抗病品种是绿色防控病害最经济可持续的路径，千百年来人类抗病育种始终循着“挖掘天然抗病基因”的老路前行。
通过研究，我国科研团队首次提出可编程植物合成免疫全新科学理念，搭建起可按需定制的人工合成植物免疫受体设计平台，推动作物抗病育种完成从“利用自然”向“定向创制”转型，为应对新发、变异作物病害筑牢粮食安全科技屏障。相关成果7月24日由国际学术期刊《科学》在线刊发。
论文通讯作者、中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所研究员高彩霞介绍，植物天然免疫受体主要为一类核苷酸结合富亮氨酸重复蛋白，依靠庞大重复的富亮氨酸重复结构域识别病原，改造难度极大；更棘手的是，致病微生物持续快速变异，作物好不容易获得的抗性短短数年便会失效，而发现全新天然抗病基因周期漫长、效率很低。长久以来，“针对任意病原精准设计专属抗病受体”始终是植物免疫领域悬而未决的难题。
突破源自对植物免疫蛋白识别机制的洞察。高彩霞带领团队瞄准一类结构独特的非典型免疫受体——其依靠小巧、模块化的整合诱饵结构域识别病原蛋白，摆脱了传统富亮氨酸重复结构域改造的先天局限。
结合近年来人工智能蛋白质设计技术跨越式发展，团队大胆提出新思路：用人工智能从头设计靶向病原蛋白的高亲和力结合蛋白，替换天然整合诱饵结构域，人工构建全新合成免疫受体。
与传统育种模式形成鲜明对比，这套人工合成免疫受体技术平台实现“按需创造抗病基因”的转变。
期刊审稿专家评价，这一成果是植物免疫工程领域里程碑式突破，为培育持久、广谱作物抗病能力开辟了通用技术路径。
“人工智能与蛋白质工程、植物定向进化技术深度融合，让我们拥有自主设计植物免疫系统的能力。” 高彩霞表示，可编程植物合成免疫理念打通了人工创制作物抗病能力的完整技术链条，未来可针对新发、突变致病微生物快速开发专属免疫受体，为全球粮食安全提供原创中国方案。 策划制作
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Key Quotes
> “Plant natural immune receptors are mainly a class of nucleotide‑binding leucine‑rich repeat proteins that rely on extensive repeats of the leucine‑rich repeat domain to recognize pathogens, making modification extremely difficult; moreover, pathogens continuously and rapidly mutate, so the resistance that crops barely acquire often fails within a few years, while discovering entirely new natural resistance genes is a lengthy and inefficient process.”
> “The deep integration of artificial intelligence, protein engineering, and plant directed‑evolution technology gives us the ability to autonomously design plant immune systems.” Gao Caixia said, the concept of programmable plant synthetic immunity unlocks the complete technical chain for artificially creating plant disease resistance; in the future, dedicated immune receptors can be rapidly developed for emerging and mutating pathogens, providing an original Chinese solution to global food security.
Tags
Artificial Intelligence
Protein Design
Plant Immunity
Disease‑Resistant Breeding
Biotechnology
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